This Innovative Land Use handbook includes sections dealing with development density, environmental characteristics, and site level design. Each of the 23 chapters includes model ordinances and regulations for use by municipalities interested in implementing the innovative land use techniques.
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Before you read on, we thought you might like to download our 3 Mindfulness Exercises for free. These science-based, comprehensive exercises will not only help you cultivate a sense of inner peace throughout your daily life but will also give you the tools to enhance the mindfulness of your clients, students, or employees.
Instead, this form of listening can create an inner stillness where both parties feel free of preconceptions or judgments, and the listener is not distracted by inner chatter whilst learning valuable positive communication skills.
The most important part of mindfulness is to recognize that it is a training of the mind, and like any exercise will take some time to see the benefits. The trick is to persevere, approach the process with self-compassion, and allow for reflection, change, and flexibility between different techniques and interventions.
The goal is simple: to focus your attention on the center of the shifting pattern of color. You can let your mind wander freely, noticing whatever thoughts come into your head but staying in the present.
People anywhere on the mental health spectrum can benefit from mindfulness techniques. It helps regulate emotions and can be a helpful resource for management and coping (Arch & Craske, 2006; Dubert, Schumacher, Locker, Gutierrez, & Barnes, 2016).
Mindfulness techniques can also discharge acute or chronic anger. As one of our strongest emotions, anger can be hard to view objectively and defuse. Mindfulness helps create space between stimulus and an immediate, impulsive response.
For other resources and techniques on dealing with anger through mindfulness, you can try our Leaves on a Stream MP3. Alternatively, you can follow this 20 minutes guided anger management mindfulness meditation:
For more information on anxiety, and how to approach dealing with it through mindfulness, you can also listen to Dr. Kim Taylor Show. She clarifies the signs and symptoms of anxiety and offers techniques to treat and manage anxiety.
Addiction is a serious issue that should be addressed by a mental health professional or an institution that has proven effective in treating addiction. However, there are some mindfulness techniques you can use to supplement addiction management.
The Feature Paper can be either an original research article, a substantial novel research study that often involvesseveral techniques or approaches, or a comprehensive review paper with concise and precise updates on the latestprogress in the field that systematically reviews the most exciting advances in scientific literature. This type ofpaper provides an outlook on future directions of research or possible applications.
Abstract:Local path planning is important in the development of autonomous vehicles since it allows a vehicle to adapt their movements to dynamic environments, for instance, when obstacles are detected. This work presents an evaluation of the performance of different local path planning techniques for an Autonomous Surface Vehicle, using a custom-made simulator based on the open-source Robotarium framework. The conducted simulations allow to verify, compare and visualize the solutions of the different techniques. The selected techniques for evaluation include A*, Potential Fields (PF), Rapidly-Exploring Random Trees* (RRT*) and variations of the Fast Marching Method (FMM), along with a proposed new method called Updating the Fast Marching Square method (uFMS). The evaluation proposed in this work includes ways to summarize time and safety measures for local path planning techniques. The results in a Lake environment present the advantages and disadvantages of using each technique. The proposed uFMS and A* have been shown to achieve interesting performance in terms of processing time, distance travelled and security levels. Furthermore, the proposed uFMS algorithm is capable of generating smoother routes.Keywords: autonomous surface vehicle; local path planning; monitoring applications; motion planning; Ypacarai lake
This study aimed to dosimetrically compare and evaluate the flattening filter-free (FFF) photon beam-based three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT), intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), and volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) for lung stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). RANDO phantom computed tomography (CT) images were used for treatment planning. Gross tumor volumes (GTVs) were delineated in the central and peripheral lung locations. Planning target volumes (PTVs) was determined by adding a 5 mm margin to the GTV. 3DCRT, IMRT, and VMAT plans were generated using a 6-MV FFF photon beam. Dose calculations for all plans were performed using the anisotropic analytical algorithm (AAA) and Acuros XB algorithms. The accuracy of the algorithms was validated using the dose measured in a CIRS thorax phantom. The conformity index (CI), high dose volume (HDV), low dose location (D2cm), and homogeneity index (HI) improved with FFF-VMAT compared to FFF-IMRT and FFF-3DCRT, while low dose volume (R50%) and gradient index (GI) showed improvement with FFF-3DCRT. Compared with FFF-3DCRT, a drastic decrease in the mean treatment time (TT) value was observed with FFF-VMAT for different lung sites between 57.09% and 60.39%, while with FFF-IMRT it increased between 10.78% and 17.49%. The dose calculation with Acuros XB was found to be superior to that of AAA. Based on the comparison of dosimetric indices in this study, FFF-VMAT provides a superior treatment plan to FFF-IMRT and FFF-3DCRT in the treatment of peripheral and central lung PTVs. This study suggests that Acuros XB is a more accurate algorithm than AAA in the lung region.
The application was intended to provide support to the participants on a daily basis. It consisted of different modules through which the users could freely navigate. Again, every participant received a basic intervention with 1) a module consisting out of a quiz regarding the benefits of more PA or less SB, 2) a module where they could collect medals for completing website sessions and quizzes. In the other modules, the experimental manipulated BCTs were included as a function of the experimental group they were assigned to.
In a second step, an additive approach to identify the effective BCTs or their combinations was used. We investigated to what extent adding a BCT, increased efficacy by using pairwise comparisons between each of the eight experimental groups. Figure 3 shows the plot of the average outcomes of MVPA at pre- and post-test for each combination of none, one, two or all techniques (represented by the 8 experimental groups). Table 3 provides the means and 95% confidence intervals for each experimental group at each of the two time points. Figure 4 provides the comparison between the different combinations of the techniques based on the average difference in MVPA from pre- to post-test.
In a second step, an additive approach to identify the effective BCTs or their combinations was used. We investigated to what extent adding a BCT, increased efficacy by using pairwise comparisons between each of the eight experimental groups. Figure 5 shows the plot of the average outcomes of SB at pre- and post-test for each combination of none, one, two or all techniques (represented by the 8 experimental groups). Table 5 provides the means and 95% confidence intervals for each experimental group at each of the two time points. Figure 6 provides the comparison between the different combinations of the techniques based on the average difference in SB from pre- and post-test.
Behaviour change interventions are complex interventions, including a range of techniques [67]. Meta-analyses have shown that these interventions work, and also suggest that certain techniques may be more effective than others (e.g. self- monitoring) [31, 68]. However, the conclusion that certain techniques work better than others is preliminary, and await experimental corroboration [32]. Using a 2x2x2 factorial study [63], the presence of three BCTs that target post-intentional processes (i.e. action planning, coping planning, self-monitoring) was experimentally manipulated, and their effects upon PA and SB were investigated. These experimental manipulations were implemented on top of a basic intervention, which all participants received. In a first step, we examined the overall efficacy of each of three BCTs. In a second step, we used an additive approach to identify the effective BCTs or their combinations. We investigated to what extent adding BCTs increased efficacy.
The pattern of results indicates that an intervention including self-monitoring is overall more effective than an intervention without self-monitoring for both MVPA and SB. This is in line with research showing that self-monitoring is a critical technique for behaviour change [31]. It may be sufficient to change behaviour, as for example in reducing SB [68, 69]. For other behaviours, other techniques may also be needed. For example, we may expect that increasing MVPA requires planning. In this study, we found that an intervention including coping planning was overall more effective in changing MVPA. For action planning, no overall effect was found. Previous research has also found no or only moderate effects for action planning, in particular when accounting for the effects of past behaviour [70, 71]. A possible explanation is that individuals may not need to explicitly form plans, but that the intention to be physically active is sufficient to initiate previously developed behavioural schema. The efficacy of action planning could then wane as the intervention proceeds. In line with this possibility, action planning has been found to be especially efficacious for intenders (individuals that intend to, but not yet execute the behaviour) as opposed to actors (individuals that already execute the behaviour) [72, 73]. The inclusion of coping planning in an intervention did have a significant effect. This is remarkable because in a previous study, the use of coping plans has been shown to frustrate users, and many users provided coping plans of low quality [46]. At least two explanations may account for the overall effect of coping planning. First, in our intervention participants were approached as their own expert and received more guidance than in previous versions of MyPlan. Coping plans were constructed by filling out questions and several examples were provided. It thus may well be that coping planning turned out to be effective, because of the proper guidance in coping planning. Second, coping planning may have prompted action planning. Indeed, in contrast to pharmacological interventions, individuals may spontaneously make use of particular BCTs [74, 75], even when the BCTs are not delivered in the intervention. 2ff7e9595c
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